Bachelorarbeit, 2022
27 Seiten, Note: 1.0 (6.0 Schweiz)
1. INTRODUCTION
2. PERSONALITY
3. JUDGMENT
3.1 AWARENESS
3.2 BELIEFS
3.3 VALUES
3.4 ATTITUDES
3.5 CONNECTION TO NATURE
3.6 HOPE
4. GUIDING PRINCIPLES FOR ACTION
4.1 IDENTITY
4.2 NORMS
4.3 MOTIVATION
4.4 INTENTIONS
4.5 HABITS
5. DISCUSSION
5.1 PRO-ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOR FRAMEWORK
5.2 LIMITATIONS
5.3 IMPLICATIONS
5.4 FUTURE RESEARCH
6. CONCLUSION
This thesis aims to provide a comprehensive, holistic overview of the diverse psychological constructs that influence pro-environmental behavior by integrating fragmented findings from existing literature into a structured heuristic framework.
Habits
Habits are well-learned behavioral patterns, that are often very specific to a situation and that are performed with little to no conscious effort, meaning that they are largely independent of motivational or other cognitive influences (American Psychological Association, 2022). Many environmentally relevant behaviors (both those that have negative or positive effects on the environment) are frequently performed, stable and persistent patterns of behavior (Kurz et al., 2015). This means that interventions aimed at changing perceptions and attitudes may not always be sufficient in changing behavior because many environmentally harmful behaviors are performed automatically or subconsciously. The strength of an established habit seems to mediate the strength of association between intentions and behavior, meaning that well-established habits can stand in the way of intentions translating into behavior and therefore impede behavior change (Klöckner, 2013). What makes this especially tricky, is that habitual behaviors don’t necessarily need to match a person’s values in order to be carried out (Thøgersen & Ölander, 2002). This makes them especially hard to change because unlearning old routines and establishing new ones seems to be a relatively separate process from changing attitudes, beliefs and values. However, it is conceivable that realizing the discrepancy between one’s values and behaviors might motivate people to actively change their habits accordingly in order to reduce cognitive dissonance (Thøgersen & Ölander, 2002). While changing habits is hard and poses a significant challenge to the adaption of new, more environmentally friendly behavioral practices, habits are also promising in the sense that once adapted, those new behaviors are likely to stick and be carried out without much conscious effort.
1. INTRODUCTION: Outlines the urgency of climate change and the need for a comprehensive framework to understand the psychological underpinnings of individual pro-environmental behavior.
2. PERSONALITY: Explores how broad, stable dispositional traits like the Big Five and HEXACO influence behavior and serve as the foundation for other psychological adaptations.
3. JUDGMENT: Details the "building stones" of behavior, examining flexible constructs such as awareness, beliefs, values, attitudes, nature connection, and hope.
4. GUIDING PRINCIPLES FOR ACTION: Discusses the frameworks that directly bridge the gap between intention and action, including social/personal identity, norms, motivations, and the impact of habits.
5. DISCUSSION: Integrates the previous chapters into a cohesive "house-building" model, addresses limitations in existing research, and proposes implications for effective interventions.
6. CONCLUSION: Synthesizes the findings, emphasizing the importance of understanding the dynamic, interconnected system of human behavior to trigger effective change.
Pro-environmental behavior, Personality traits, Big Five, HEXACO, Psychological constructs, Climate change, Environmental psychology, Cognitive schemes, Behavioral intentions, Environmental values, Social norms, Habitual behavior, Intrinsic motivation, Climate action, Psychological barriers
The work focuses on identifying and organizing the various psychological variables that influence pro-environmental behavior into a comprehensive, integrative framework.
The paper covers three main thematic categories: enduring personality traits, judgment-related cognitive schemes, and guiding principles that provide the framework for direct action.
The objective is to consolidate fragmented literature into a heuristic model that explains how different psychological factors interact to drive individual environmental behaviors.
The thesis utilizes a literature-based theoretical synthesis, evaluating psychological constructs and meta-analyses to build an organized, multidimensional model of behavior.
The main body systematically analyzes personality, judgment factors (values, beliefs, attitudes), and action-guiding mechanisms (identity, norms, habits) to explain the progression from disposition to behavior.
Key terms include pro-environmental behavior, psychological determinants, behavioral change, cognitive schemes, and personality frameworks.
Personality is described as the "foundation" or "standard working operation," providing a base upon which more flexible, adaptable cognitive structures like values and attitudes are built.
Habits are largely automated and lack conscious effort; they effectively bypass intentions, making them difficult to unlearn even when a person’s values or environmental awareness change.
The author uses a house-building metaphor: personality represents the foundation, judgment variables are the building stones, and guiding principles act as the architectural plan that integrates these components into a coherent response.
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