Assessment of Major Factors Affecting Pastoral Sustainable Livelihood. The Case of Borana, Southern Ethiopia

Inhaltsverzeichnis (Table of Contents)

• Chapter One: Introduction
• 1.1 Back Ground of the study
• 1.2. Statement of the problems
• 1.3. Objective of the study
• 1.3.1. General objective
• 1.3.2. Specific Objective
• 1.4. Research Question
• 1.5. Significance of the study
• 1.6. Scope and Limitation of the Study
• 1.7. Research Design and Methodology
• 1.7.1. Research Design
• 1.7.2. Data source and collection
• 1.7.3. Sample Population and sampling Techniques
• 1.7.4. Method of data analysis
• 1.8. Organization of the study
• Chapter Two: Literature Review
• 2.1. Introduction
• 2.2. Conceptual Literature Review
• 2.2.1. Definition of Pastoralist and Pastoralism
• 2.2.2. Type of Pastoralist
• 2.3. Characteristics of Pastoralism and Pastoralists
• 2.3.1. Dependence on Livestock
• 2.3.2. Geographical Location
• 2.3.3. Change and Adaptation
• 2.4. Pastoral livelihood
• 2.5. Sustainable livelihoods Framework
• 2.1 The Sustainable Livelihoods model
• 2.6. Empirical Literature Review
• Chapter Three: Data Analysis and Presentation
• 3.1. Introduction
• 3.2. Respondents profile
• 3.3. Frequency and Extent of Drought Occurrence
• 3.4. Effect Drought on livelihood
• 3.5. Increase in Bush-encroachment
• 3.6. Decline in Resource base and it Elements
• 3.6.1. Rangeland and Its Products
• 3.6.2. Indigenous water source (Tula) or Deep Water well
• 3.6.3. Mineral soil (Aya)
• 3.7. Declining in capacity of customary institution
• 3.8. Effect of state policy on the livelihood
• Chapter Four: Conclusion and Recommendation
• 4.1. Conclusion
• 4.2. Recommendation

Zielsetzung und Themenschwerpunkte (Objectives and Key Themes)

This senior essay aims to examine the major factors affecting pastoral sustainable livelihoods in the Borana region of Southern Ethiopia. The study uses both qualitative and quantitative data collection methods, focusing on the experiences and perspectives of the local pastoral community.

• Impact of environmental changes, specifically drought and bush encroachment, on pastoral livelihoods
• The role of traditional institutions in managing resources and adapting to environmental challenges
• The effects of government policies on pastoral communities and their sustainable livelihoods
• The challenges and opportunities for sustainable pastoralism in the context of climate change and resource scarcity
• The need for collaborative approaches involving government, communities, and other stakeholders to support sustainable pastoral livelihoods.

Zusammenfassung der Kapitel (Chapter Summaries)

Chapter One introduces the background of the study, outlining the challenges faced by pastoral communities in Borana, Southern Ethiopia. It defines the research problem, objectives, research questions, and methodology used for the study.

Chapter Two provides a comprehensive literature review, examining both theoretical and empirical studies related to pastoralism, sustainable livelihoods, and the specific challenges faced by pastoral communities in the region. It explores the concept of pastoralism, types of pastoralists, and the characteristics of pastoral livelihoods, along with relevant frameworks like the Sustainable Livelihoods model.

Chapter Three presents the results of data analysis, focusing on the experiences and perspectives of Borana pastoralists. The chapter examines the frequency and extent of drought occurrences, their impact on livelihoods, and the impact of bush encroachment on resource availability. It also investigates the decline of customary institutions, the effectiveness of state policies, and their impact on the livelihoods of pastoral communities.

Schlüsselwörter (Keywords)

The primary keywords and focus topics of the essay are pastoralism, sustainable livelihoods, drought, bush encroachment, traditional institutions, government policies, Borana, Ethiopia.