Masterarbeit, 2010
100 Seiten
Medien / Kommunikation - Public Relations, Werbung, Marketing, Social Media
1. Introduction
1.2. Background and Importance of the Topic
1.1. Problem Statement and Disposition of the Paper
2. Branding
2.1. What is a Product?
2.2. What is Branding?
2.3. The Importance of Strong Brands
2.4. Brand Equity
2.4.1. Building a Strong Brand: The CBBE Model
2.4.2. Brand Building Implications: The CBBE Model
2.5. Brand Image
2.6. Brands and Young Consumers
3. Celebrity Endorsements
3.1. What is a Celebrity?
3.2. What is Celebrity Endorsement?
3.3. Celebrity Endorsement as an Effective Advertising Tool to Boost Brand Image
3.3.1. Celebrity Endorser Selection
3.3.2. Celebrity Endorsement Selection Models
3.3.2.1. Source Credibility Model
3.3.2.2. Source Attractiveness Model
3.3.2.3. Match-Up Hypothesis
3.3.2.4. Co-Activation Theory
3.3.3. Implications and Limitations of Models
3.4. Celebrity Endorser Scandals: Drawback or Boost for the Brand Image
3.5. Celebrity Scandals and their Impact on Young Consumers
4. Methodology
4.1. Introduction
4.1.1. Research Objective
4.1.2. Research Approach to Empirical Study
4.2. Data Collection
4.2.1. Quantitative Research
4.2.2. Complications with Questionnaires
4.2.3. Assessing Validity
4.2.4. Reliability Testing
4.2.5. Questionnaire Design
4.2.6. Pilot Study
4.3. Sample Group and Execution of the Study
4.4. Data Analysis
4.5. Limitations
4.6. Conclusion
5. Data Analysis and Findings
5.1. Survey Results
5.1.1. Socio-Demographic Factors
5.1.2. Brands and Young Consumers
5.1.3 Celebrity Endorsements
5.1.4. Kate Moss Incident
5.2. Discussion of Results
6. Conclusion and Future Work
6.1. Limitations and Future Research
This dissertation aims to investigate the impact of celebrity endorser scandals on the brand image perception of young consumers. Given the prime importance of young consumers as a target market for celebrity-endorsed products, this research seeks to determine to what extent public scandals involving celebrity endorsers negatively influence brand perception and whether such events lead to the termination of brand consumption.
Celebrity Endorser Scandals: Drawback or Boost for the Brand Image
Despite the many benefits a brand may have due to using a celebrity endorser such as accruing some value from the celebrity, instant brand awareness and recall, refreshment of the brand image defined by the value of the celebrity, building credibility and thus increase attention by the public, which result in more sales and subsequently higher market share, and so forth (Warren, 2007; Tufte, Rasmussen and Christensen, 2005) do not always lead to the desired success of the advertising campaign. According to Majudmar (2010) there are several reasons why failure may occur, which companies need to be aware of:
1) Ineffective Endorsement: marketers often attempt to force fit their brand and product. Frequently, firms select the celebrity they like instead of a celebrity that matches the product/brand.
2) Improper Positioning: as abovementioned; celebrity and product must match, e.g. Donald Trump endorsing a Porsche instead of, e.g. a Mazda.
3) Brand-Celebrity Disconnect: the values of the celebrity have to match the value of the product.
4) Overexposure of the same celebrity: the recall level may drop due to the fact that one celebrity endorses too many different brands.
1. Introduction: This chapter introduces the competitive nature of global business, the role of branding in establishing a competitive advantage, and the increasing reliance on celebrity endorsements.
2. Branding: This chapter defines branding and brand equity, highlights the importance of strong brands, and details the Customer-Based Brand Equity (CBBE) model.
3. Celebrity Endorsements: This chapter explores the role of celebrities in marketing, examines various selection models, and discusses the potential impact of celebrity scandals on brand image.
4. Methodology: This chapter outlines the research approach, detailing the use of quantitative methods and online questionnaires to gather data from 222 participants.
5. Data Analysis and Findings: This chapter presents the results of the empirical survey, focusing on socio-demographic factors, brand perception among young consumers, and reactions to specific celebrity scandals.
6. Conclusion and Future Work: This chapter summarizes the research findings, confirming that while brand image is generally resilient to celebrity scandals, severe illegal behavior may prompt consumer withdrawal.
Celebrity endorsement, Brand image, Young consumers, Brand equity, Celebrity scandal, Consumer perception, Marketing strategy, Customer-based brand equity, Brand loyalty, Advertising effectiveness, Match-up hypothesis, Co-activation theory, Consumer behavior, Brand consumption, Kate Moss.
The research examines the impact of celebrity scandals on the brand image perception of young consumers, specifically whether such scandals damage the brand or alter consumer purchase behavior.
Key themes include branding foundations, the effectiveness of celebrity endorsements as an advertising tool, celebrity-product fit models, and the reaction of young consumers to public scandals involving their favorite celebrities.
The goal is to determine if celebrity scandals damage brand image from the perspective of young consumers and whether such negative information leads to the termination of brand consumption.
The author employed a deductive research approach, conducting an empirical online survey among 222 young participants to test five specific hypotheses.
The main body covers literature reviews on branding and celebrity endorsement models, a detailed methodology chapter, and an extensive data analysis chapter analyzing survey responses regarding celebrity behavior and brand loyalty.
Respondents are young consumers aged 18-30, primarily of European descent, who are generally brand-conscious but surprisingly report that their personal image is not heavily tied to the scandals of celebrity endorsers.
Findings show that young consumers generally are not heavily affected by celebrity scandals unless the celebrity is strongly associated with the brand, or the scandal involves severe criminal acts like murder or rape.
No, the study reveals that for most scandals, consumers do not instantly stop consuming the brand; however, incidents involving extreme criminal behavior may lead to a termination of brand consumption.
The Kate Moss incident served as a real-world case study to evaluate manager decision-making vs. consumer reaction, revealing that while consumers might view the celebrity's behavior as "rebellious," managers are often quick to terminate contracts to protect the brand.
The author suggests that companies should not overreact to every celebrity scandal, as damage to the brand image is often marginal, but they should remain vigilant regarding the nature of the controversy (e.g., felonies).
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