Masterarbeit, 2012
30 Seiten, Note: A
1 Introduction
1.1 Research Method and Data: Case Study
2 Shale Gas: Resources, Arguments, and Regulations
2.1 Opposition: Environmental and Health Concerns
2.2 National Resources and Political Positions
2.3 EU Legislative Framework
3 Analytical Framework – Political strategies of EU interest representation
3.1 Economic and organisational determinants of lobbying
3.2 Institutional determinants of lobbying
4 Analysis
5 Conclusion
This dissertation investigates the strategic considerations and lobbying activities of the shale gas industry within the European Union. It aims to determine how corporate and organizational factors influence political strategies and how these firms can effectively navigate the complex, multi-level regulatory environment of the EU.
3 Analytical Framework – Political strategies of EU interest representation
The starting point of the discussion of representation of business interest in EU politics are questions of power and influence. There is a substantial body of literature written from a broadly pluralist tradition that suggests that businesses enjoy a "privileged position" (Lindblom, 1977) in a modern polity, due to their structural power. In other words, because their investment decisions have an impact on an economy through employment, tax revenues, and general economic prosperity (Coen and Grant, 2006), businesses have the ability to move those investments to polities in which they are treated best. However, this argument does not apply to shale gas, since drilling companies are tied to the area and national government policies wherever deposits are found. In order to make up for their lack of structural power, shale gas businesses have to engage in the formulation of the policies directly influencing their practices.
The ways in which organisations seek to influence public policy vary considerably and so do the terms used to refer to those strategies, tactics, and activities. Peter Koeppl refers to it as "lobbying", which he defines as "the attempted or successful influence of legislative-administrative decisions by public authorities through interested representatives." (Koeppl, 2001, p.71). The term "lobbying", however, has acquired some negative connotations, as a result of unethical and corrupt cases in the past. Alternatively, the term "interest representation" is the most common term in the academic lexicon.
1 Introduction: Provides an overview of the shale gas debate, introduces the research problem, and outlines the descriptive case study approach used to analyze lobbying strategies.
2 Shale Gas: Resources, Arguments, and Regulations: Examines the global resource landscape, the opposition driven by environmental concerns, and the current EU legislative framework.
3 Analytical Framework – Political strategies of EU interest representation: Defines the theoretical parameters of interest representation, specifically focusing on economic, organizational, and institutional determinants.
4 Analysis: Applies the theoretical framework to current events in Brussels, evaluating the political responses of stakeholders and the effectiveness of diverse lobbying approaches.
5 Conclusion: Synthesizes the findings, offering insights into the future of shale gas lobbying and the necessity for ad-hoc coalitions in the EU.
Shale gas, European Union, Interest representation, Lobbying, Energy policy, Hydraulic fracturing, Corporate strategy, Environmental regulation, Multi-level governance, Policy network, Public affairs, Ad-hoc coalitions, Stakeholder management, Energy security, Political influence.
The paper examines how the shale gas industry attempts to influence EU policy-making and navigate the political and regulatory challenges associated with unconventional gas extraction.
Key themes include the impact of environmental opposition, the role of national vs. EU-level regulations, and the strategic formation of industry coalitions.
The study seeks to identify which strategic lobbying factors are most effective for shale gas firms when attempting to influence decision-makers within the EU's complex policy environment.
The research employs a descriptive case study approach, utilizing expert interviews, official reports, and political analysis to test hypotheses regarding lobbying behavior.
The main body evaluates the theoretical framework of lobbying, details the legislative hurdles in the EU, and provides a mapping of key political and non-political stakeholders.
Relevant keywords include shale gas, EU interest representation, lobbying, policy-making, and environmental regulation.
Environmental opposition forces the industry to move beyond traditional lobbying, requiring them to address public concerns regarding health and safety to gain or maintain a social license to operate.
The author argues that because of the fragmented nature of EU energy policy, forming flexible, ad-hoc coalitions is more effective for exchanging information and accessing decision-makers than rigid, long-term structures.
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