Image coloring Techniques and Applications

Table of Contents

CHAPTER ONE : INTRODUCTION

1.1DIGITAL IMAGE FUNDAMENTALS

1.2 COLORING PROBLEM:

1.3 COLORIZATION TECHNIQUES

1.4 DECOLORIZATION

1.5 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

1.6 THESIS MOTIVATIONS

1.7 THESIS ORGANIZATION:

CHAPTER TWO : LITERATURE SURVEY

2.1 COLORIZATION TECHNIQUE

2.1.1 Transformational Coloring

2.1.2 Image Matching /Coloring by Reference

2.1.3 User Selection/Colorization by Seeds

2.2 COLORIZATION APPLICATIONS

2.2.1 Movies Colorization

2.2.2 Medical Images Colorization

2.2.3 Color Image Compression

2.3 DECOLORIZATION TECHNIQUES

2.3.1 Automatic Seeds Selection

2.3.2 Color Embedding Decolorization

CHAPTER THREE : MOVIE COLORIZATION SYSTEM

3.1 INTRODUCTION

3.2 PROPOSED MOVIE COLORIZATION SYSTEM

3.2.1 Shot Cut Detection Subsystem

3.2.2 Frame Colorization Subsystem

3.2.3 Motion Deteection subsystem

3.2.4 Shot colorization subsystem

3.3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

3.3.1 Coloring Quality

3.4 MARKET RESEARCH

3.4.1 Processing Time

3.4.2 Market Need:

3.4.3 Market Demand:

3.4.4 Competing Products:

CHAPTER FOUR: COLOR EMBEDDING FOR HSI MODEL

4.1 INTRODUCTION

4.2 THE PROPOSED COLOR ENCODING SYSTEM

4.2.1 Hue Proposed Encoder System

4.2.2 Saturation Encoding Technique

4.2.3 Intensity Encoding

4.3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

4.3.1 Other Quality Measures

4.3.2 More System Results:

4.4 COLOR EMBEDDING

4.4.1 Experiment (1) Using MCD

4.4.2 Experiment (2) Using YID

CHAPTER FIVE: MORPHOLOGICAL DECOLORIZATION SYSTEM

5.1 INTRODUCTION

5.2 DECOLORIZATION USING MORPHOLOGY

5.3 SYSTEM QUALITY ASSESSMENTS

5.4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

5.4.1 Seeds Selection Evaluation

5.4.2 The System Compression Professionalism

5.4.3 Comparison With JPEG/JPEG2000

5.5 SEEDS HIDING

CHAPTER SIX : CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORKS

6.1 RESEARCH CONCLUSIONS

6.2 FUTURE WORKS:

6.2.1 Movies Colorization System Future Works

6.2.2 Color Embedding For HSI Model Future Work

6.2.3 Morphological Decolorization System Future Work

Research Objectives and Themes

The thesis aims to explore and implement novel applications for image colorization techniques beyond simply adding color to grayscale images. It seeks to develop fully automated systems for colorizing old black and white movies, as well as to innovate in the field of image "Decolorization"—a method of encoding color information into grayscale images to benefit from their smaller file sizes while allowing for high-quality restoration.

• Automatic colorization of legacy black and white films.
• Advanced image decolorization for efficient data compression.
• Integration of HSI color model for improved encoding schemes.
• Morphological processing for automated color seed selection.
• Performance evaluation of proposed systems against standard JPEG/JPEG2000 benchmarks.

Extract from the Book

Summary of Chapters

CHAPTER ONE : INTRODUCTION: This chapter provides an overview of the gray image colorization problem and establishes the foundation by discussing digital image fundamentals and the motivations behind the research.

CHAPTER TWO : LITERATURE SURVEY: This chapter reviews various existing colorization and decolorization techniques found in literature and classifies them into standardized categories for analysis.

CHAPTER THREE : MOVIE COLORIZATION SYSTEM: This chapter introduces a fully automated system designed to colorize black and white movies by processing them shot-by-shot using motion estimation and key frame color transfer.

CHAPTER FOUR: COLOR EMBEDDING FOR HSI MODEL: This chapter proposes a novel decolorization and encoding system specifically designed for the HSI color model by embedding chrominance data into the intensity channel.

CHAPTER FIVE: MORPHOLOGICAL DECOLORIZATION SYSTEM: This chapter details an automated color seed selection method utilizing morphological operations to improve colorization results while maintaining high compression ratios.

CHAPTER SIX : CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORKS: This chapter summarizes the research findings and outlines potential future improvements, such as enhancing shot cut detection and optimizing seed selection algorithms.

Keywords

Image Colorization, Decolorization, HSI Color Model, Morphological Operations, Shot Cut Detection, Motion Estimation, Image Compression, Huffman Coding, JPEG2000, Peak Signal to Noise Ratio, Mean Square Error, Structural Similarity Index, Colorfulness Metric, Mean Opinion Score.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the core focus of this dissertation?

The work primarily focuses on advancing image colorization techniques and developing efficient color image encoding (decolorization) methods to facilitate better compression and restoration of image data.

What are the central thematic fields covered?

The research bridges the areas of digital image processing, specifically focusing on color models (like HSI), movie colorization, morphological image processing, and data compression methodologies.

What is the primary goal of the proposed movie colorization system?

The objective is to create a fully automated system that colorizes black and white movies efficiently by processing them shot-by-shot rather than frame-by-frame, significantly reducing labor and processing time.

What scientific methodology is utilized in this research?

The author employs a mix of quantitative analysis and experimental system building, including the use of 2D correlation for shot detection, motion estimation (Three Step Method), and morphological transformations to automate the selection of color seeds.

What does the main body of the thesis investigate?

The main chapters investigate three specific contributions: a movie colorization system, an HSI-based color encoding scheme using object compression, and a morphological decolorization system that extracts image seeds automatically.

Which keywords characterize this work?

The most relevant keywords include Image Colorization, Decolorization, HSI Color Model, Morphological Operations, Shot Cut Detection, and Image Compression.

How does the proposed HSI encoding system differ from standard JPEG?

Unlike JPEG, which typically applies similar encoding logic to all channels in YCbCr, this system treats each channel in the HSI model differently, applying lossless compression to the Hue channel and specialized lossy techniques to the Saturation channel to maintain high color quality.

What role do morphological operations play in the proposed decolorization system?

Morphological operations are used to automatically detect the inner boundaries and skeletons of color objects in an image, which are then used as "seeds" for the colorization process, eliminating the need for manual user input.