Masterarbeit, 2012
34 Seiten, Note: A
Chapter 1 - Introduction
Chapter 2 - Literature review
2.1. Concept of collaboration
2.1.1. Definition
2.1.2. Ways of collaboration
2.1.3. Horizontal relationships
2.1.4. Horizontal collaboration
2.1.5. Horizontal collaboration in the maritime industry
2.2. Collaboration initiatives
2.3. Drivers
2.4. Benefits
2.5. Barriers
2.6. Effective management of collaboration initiatives
2.7. Conclusion
This literature review investigates the dynamics of horizontal collaboration initiatives among ports and terminals. The primary objective is to identify key concepts, drivers, potential benefits, and significant barriers to such collaborations, while also examining effective management strategies in this sector, where academic literature remains notably sparse.
2.1.2. Ways of collaboration
Barratt (2004) provides a framework with various ways of collaborating. The ways can be mainly categorized into two forms; vertical and horizontal (Figure 2.1). Beside the horizontal and vertical form, Simatupang and Sridharan (2002) defined the lateral form of collaboration.
In a supply chain context, the vertical form includes collaboration with customers, suppliers and internally (Barratt, 2004). Vertical collaboration within the port industry mainly deals with supply chain integration of ports and includes activities like providing value added services, integration of transport modes and IT-systems, building a relationship with shipping lines, and inland transport providers (Song and Panayides, 2008) as well as providing dedicated terminals to shippers (Bichou and Gray, 2005).
The horizontal form of collaboration is a relationship between competitors, non-competitors or internal departments (Barratt, 2004). In the port industry, this way of horizontal integration is often conducted due to port co-operation and mergers (Bichou and Gray, 2005).
By comparing horizontal and vertical collaboration, Bengtsson and Kock (1999, p.178) stressed that "horizontal relationships between competitors have not been analyzed to the same extend as vertical relationships". This general statement seems to be also valid for the port industry as Bichou and Gray (2005, p.85) maintain that "horizontal integration strategies were less common in the past but are gaining more support in recent years". Furthermore, Bengtsson and Kock (1999) argue, that vertical relationships are easier to capture due to their nature of economic activities among supply chain members. "Horizontal relationships, on the other hand, are more informal and invisible" (Bengtsson and Kock, 1999, p.178). Nevertheless, both types of relationships can be equally valuable for a firm.
Chapter 1 - Introduction: Outlines current maritime trends such as globalization and shipping alliances that necessitate new collaborative strategies for ports to maintain competitiveness.
Chapter 2 - Literature review: Provides a comprehensive critical review of existing literature, covering definitions of collaboration, types of initiatives, drivers, barriers, and management factors within the port and terminal industry.
Horizontal Collaboration, Maritime Logistics, Port Management, Co-opetition, Supply Chain Integration, Terminal Operations, Strategic Alliances, Competitive Advantage, Logistics Networks, Port Cooperation, Joint Ventures, Maritime Strategy, Intermodal Transportation, Sustainability, Stakeholder Management
The work focuses on horizontal collaboration initiatives between ports and terminals, analyzing how these entities can work together to improve performance and competitiveness in a changing global business environment.
The research explores various fields including marketing and business development, operations, administrative functions, regulatory efforts, and spin-off initiatives.
The primary goal is to compile a critical literature review on a rarely documented subject, filling the knowledge gap regarding the drivers, benefits, and effective management of maritime collaborative practices.
The author uses a critical literature review methodology, assessing findings from existing research to synthesize a structured framework for horizontal collaboration in the maritime sector.
The main body systematically breaks down the concept of collaboration, explains why ports are forced to collaborate (drivers), the potential gains they can achieve (benefits), the challenges they face (barriers), and how they can best manage these complex partnerships (effective management).
Key terms include horizontal collaboration, co-opetition, port management, logistics networks, and supply chain integration.
It is significant because it consolidates information on a topic where academic literature is currently very rare, providing a theoretical foundation that supports future research and strategic decision-making in port management.
The author makes a distinction between 'drivers' as the external forces or causing factors that compel ports to seek collaboration, and 'benefits' as the positive outcomes resulting from these partnerships.
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