Masterarbeit, 2009
69 Seiten, Note: 1,3
1. Introduction
2. Violence
2.1. Violence against women
2.1.1. (Female) Child sexual abuse
2.1.2. Rape
2.1.3. Intimate partner violence
2.2. Consequences of violence against women
3. Silence
3.1. Silence - a cultural construction?
3.2. Agents of silence
3.3. Speaking and its consequences
4. Conclusion
The research explores how five South Asian women writers represent male violence against women in their literary works, aiming to determine whether these texts successfully mirror a gender-biased reality and how they contribute to breaking the societal tradition of silence surrounding gender-based violence.
2.1.1. (Female) Child sexual abuse
The present subchapter on child sexual abuse is mainly based on literary representations of sexual violence against female children, namely Manju Kapur’s novel Home and Taslima Nasrin’s autobiographical text My Bengali Girlhood. The fact that these narratives differ in terms of their writers’ geographical (Indian, respectively Bengali) and religious (Hindu, respectively Muslim) background, as well as the fact that one is fictional (Kapur’s) and the other inspired by events experienced by the authoress (Nasrin), provides us with the opportunity to examine comparatively how the two writers have transposed this delicate and too often unspoken issue from the area of male violence against women into words.
In the case of Nisha (Kapur’s character) and Nasrin as protagonist, one may remark a first similarity: both characters have been sexually abused by male characters from their familial circle at an early age. Sandra Butler, a sociologist concerned with the traumatic effects of incestuous assaults, emphasizes the crucial role of the early stage of psychological development of children who are sexually abused by a male relative. Therefore, at a literary level, both Nasrin and Kapur reflect in their writings how the young victim ‘has not yet developed an understanding of sexuality that allows him or her to make a free and fully conscious response to the adult’s behaviour.’
1. Introduction: Presents the ubiquity of gender-based violence and outlines the research goal to examine how five South Asian women writers represent and challenge this phenomenon through their fictional works.
2. Violence: Explores theoretical definitions of violence, focusing on its instrumental role in maintaining power, and categorizes specific manifestations such as child sexual abuse, rape, and intimate partner violence as systematic tools of gender-based control.
3. Silence: Investigates the cultural construction of silence surrounding gender-based violence, identifying the agents who propagate this tradition and analyzing the severe consequences for those who attempt to break it by speaking out.
4. Conclusion: Summarizes that these authors successfully challenge established norms, arguing that the literary act of breaking the silence empowers victims and serves as a vital resistance against male abuse.
Gender-based violence, South Asian women writers, tradition of silence, patriarchy, child sexual abuse, rape, intimate partner violence, literary representation, female agency, social control, trauma, victimization, empowerment, resistance, domestic violence.
The work focuses on how five South Asian female writers portray male violence against women in their novels and how these texts engage with and challenge the cultural "tradition of silence" regarding such violence.
The research covers the manifestations of violence (child abuse, rape, domestic abuse), the mechanisms of silencing victims, the societal roles imposed on women, and the consequences of trauma.
The objective is to analyze the aesthetic representations of gender-based violence in literature and assess how these narratives transform a previously "unspeakable" topic into a subject that can be addressed and challenged.
The work employs a literary analysis of five selected fictional and autobiographical texts, supplemented by sociological and psychological theories, to examine power structures and gender-based violence.
The main sections analyze different forms of male violence, the cultural construction of silence, the role of "agents of silence" (such as family members and authorities), and the consequences of speaking out about abuse.
Key terms include gender-based violence, patriarchy, tradition of silence, female agency, trauma, and literary representation.
It defines silence not just as a lack of speech, but as a socially constructed tool of patriarchal control used to keep domestic and sexual crimes "hidden" to protect family reputation and male power.
This concept is crucial because it identifies that silence is maintained not only by the perpetrators but also by authorities and even other women who uphold societal norms to avoid the social stigma associated with speaking out.
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