Extraction of Artemisinin from Artemisia Annua

Table of Contents

• Acknowledgements
• Table of Contents
• List of Tables
• List of Figures
• List of Acronyms
• Abstract
• 1. Introduction
  • 1.1 Background
  • 1.2 Objective
    • 1.2.1 General objective
    • 1.2.2 Specific Objectives
  • 1.3 Scope of Study
• 2. Literature Review
  • 2.1 Essential oil utilization and application
  • 2.2 History of Artemisia annua L
  • 2.3 Artemisia Plant and Production
  • 2.4 Uses of Artemisia annua L
    • 2.4.1 Medicinal Uses
    • 2.4.2 Edible Uses
  • 2.5 Chemical Constituents of Artemisia Annua
  • 2.6 Physical and Chemical properties of Artemisia Annua
    • 2.6.1 Physical Properties of Artemisia annua
    • 2.6.3 Physico-Chemical Properties
    • 2.6.4 Over View of Artemisinin Oil
  • 2.7 Composition of Artemisinin
  • Benefits of Artemisinin
  • 2.8 Market Assessment
• 3. Process technology
  • 3.1 Technology choices
  • 3.2 Process description
    • 3.2.1 Artemisinin extraction by using hexane extraction process
  • 3.3 Process Flow Sheet
• 4. Materials and Methods
  • 4.1 General description of the study area
  • 4.2 Material Used
    • 4.2.1 Plant Materials
    • 4.2.2 Chemicals
  • 4.3 Laboratory Work
    • 4.3.1 Objective of the Laboratory
    • 4.3.2 Equipment Setup
    • 4.3.3 Laboratory Procedure
    • 4.3.4 Laboratory Findings
• 5. Large Scale Production
• 5.1 Comparison of Small Scale and Large Scale Processes
• 6. Material and Energy Balance
  • 6.1 Material Balance
  • 6.2 Energy balance

Objectives and Key Themes

This thesis aims to explore the extraction of artemisinin from Artemisia annua, a plant with significant medicinal properties. The study focuses on various aspects related to artemisinin extraction, including the history of the plant, its chemical constituents, and the development of extraction processes. Key themes addressed in the text include:

• The historical and medicinal significance of Artemisia annua
• The chemical composition and properties of artemisinin
• The development and optimization of extraction processes for artemisinin
• The comparison of small-scale and large-scale production methods
• The application of material and energy balance principles in artemisinin extraction

Chapter Summaries

• Chapter 1: Introduction: This chapter sets the stage for the thesis by providing a background on artemisinin, its medicinal uses, and the importance of its extraction. It outlines the general and specific objectives of the study, along with the scope of the investigation.
• Chapter 2: Literature Review: This chapter delves into the historical context and scientific literature surrounding Artemisia annua and artemisinin. It examines the plant's uses in traditional medicine, explores its chemical constituents, and discusses its physical and chemical properties.
• Chapter 3: Process Technology: This chapter focuses on the technological aspects of artemisinin extraction. It examines various extraction techniques, including the hexane extraction process, and discusses the process flow sheet for large-scale production.
• Chapter 4: Materials and Methods: This chapter outlines the materials and methods used in the laboratory study. It describes the study area, the plant materials and chemicals used, and the laboratory procedures followed for extraction and analysis.
• Chapter 5: Large Scale Production: This chapter explores the practical considerations of scaling up artemisinin extraction from a laboratory setting to a large-scale production environment. It compares small-scale and large-scale production processes, highlighting the challenges and opportunities associated with scaling up.
• Chapter 6: Material and Energy Balance: This chapter applies the principles of material and energy balance to the artemisinin extraction process. It analyzes the flow of materials and energy throughout the process, providing valuable insights into the efficiency and optimization of production.

Keywords

The thesis focuses on the extraction of artemisinin from Artemisia annua, emphasizing the plant's medicinal properties, its chemical composition, and the development of efficient extraction processes. Key terms and concepts that are central to the work include: Artemisia annua, artemisinin, essential oil extraction, hexane extraction, material and energy balance, large-scale production, and medicinal properties.