Radiation induced expression of signaling molecules in mouse splenocytes

Inhaltsverzeichnis (Table of Contents)

• Introduction
• Ionization
• Affect of ionizations on cells
• Characteristics of DNA damage by radiation exposure
• Biological effects differ by type of radiation
• Direct effect
• Indirect effect
• Cellular sensitivity to radiation
• Organ sensitivity to radiation
• Effect of radiation dose
• Biological Response to High Doses of Radiation
• Signalling molecules
• a) PKC
• b) Protein kinase C-delta (PKCδ)
• c) MAPKs (Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases)
• d) P44/42
• e) p38
• Cytoprotective pathways
• Apoptosis pathways
• Cellular response to radiation
• Materials and Method
• Experimental animal as mice
• Irradiation of mice
• Isolation of splenocytes
• Estimation of protein by bicinchoninic acid method
• Preparation of Standards and Working Reagent
• Procedure
• Western blotting
• Lysis buffers
• Running, Transfer, and Blocking buffers
• Procedure
• Results and Discussion
• References

Zielsetzung und Themenschwerpunkte (Objectives and Key Themes)

This research project investigates the expression levels of signaling molecules involved in regulating cell death and survival in the spleen, a radiosensitive organ, under radiation stress. The primary goal is to understand how radiation exposure affects these signaling pathways and their role in determining cellular fate.

• The impact of ionizing radiation on cellular components, particularly DNA.
• The role of signaling molecules, such as PKC, MAPKs, and p38, in regulating cell death and survival pathways.
• The influence of different radiation doses on the expression levels of key signaling molecules.
• The interplay between cytoprotective and apoptotic pathways in response to radiation stress.
• The mechanisms involved in DNA repair and cell cycle checkpoints following radiation exposure.

Zusammenfassung der Kapitel (Chapter Summaries)

• Introduction: This chapter provides a foundational overview of ionizing radiation, its effects on cells, and the mechanisms of DNA damage. It introduces the concept of cellular and organ sensitivity to radiation and the biological responses to high and low doses.
• Signalling molecules: This chapter delves into the intricacies of signaling molecules, specifically PKC, MAPKs, and p38, highlighting their roles in various cellular processes, including cell death and survival.
• Cellular response to radiation: This chapter examines how cells respond to radiation exposure, focusing on DNA repair systems and cell cycle checkpoints that maintain genomic integrity.
• Materials and Method: This chapter outlines the experimental methodology employed in the research project, including animal selection, irradiation procedures, splenocyte isolation, protein estimation, and Western blotting techniques.

Schlüsselwörter (Keywords)

The primary keywords and focus topics of this research include ionizing radiation, radiosensitive organ, spleen, signaling molecules, PKC, MAPKs, p38, apoptosis, cell death, survival, DNA repair, cell cycle checkpoints, and Western blotting.