The impact of urban expansion on land surface temperatures in Sulaymaniyah City

Inhaltsverzeichnis (Table of Contents)

• Chapter One: Introduction
• 1.1: Introduction
• 1.2: Aim and Objective of the study
• 1.3: Research Questions
• 1.4: Problem Definition
• 1.5 Structure of the thesis
• Chapter Two: Literature Review
• 2.1:The Role of Remote Sensing in Land surface Tempreture Retrieval and Application
• 2.2: Algorithms Developed for Retrieving LST
• 2.3: Related Literature on Landsat- based Land Surface Temperature Retrieval
• Chapter Three: Data and Methodology
• 3.1: Study area
• 3.2: Data Collection
• 3.3: Research method
• 3.5: Classification scheme
• 3.6: Image Classification Techniques
• 3.7: Accuracy Assessment
• 3.8: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)
• Chapter four: Results and Discussion
• 4.1: Result of Classification Images
• 4.3: Land Surface Temperature Retrieval
• 4.4: Spatial Distribution of LST in Sulaymaniyah city
• 4.5: Spatial Distribution of LST in 1984
• 4.6: LST Spatial Distribution in 2010

Zielsetzung und Themenschwerpunkte (Objectives and Key Themes)

This research aims to analyze changes in land use/land cover in the city of Sulaymaniyah, Iraq, and assess their impact on land surface temperature (LST). Using Landsat-5 TM imagery and GIS techniques, the study investigates urban expansion over three time periods, focusing on the relationship between land cover changes and LST variations.

• Urban expansion in Sulaymaniyah City
• Impact of land use/land cover changes on LST
• Relationship between NDVI and LST
• Use of remote sensing and GIS for urban environment analysis
• Potential for mitigation strategies to reduce urban heat island effects

Zusammenfassung der Kapitel (Chapter Summaries)

Chapter One introduces the research topic, outlining the study's objectives, research questions, and the structure of the thesis. Chapter Two reviews relevant literature, focusing on the role of remote sensing in LST retrieval and analysis, as well as existing research on Landsat-based LST studies. Chapter Three delves into the methodology, detailing the study area, data collection process, research methods, image classification techniques, and accuracy assessment procedures. Chapter Four presents the results, including the classification of land cover types, the retrieval of LST data, and analysis of its spatial distribution. The chapter also examines the relationship between NDVI and LST, exploring the potential correlation between vegetation cover and temperature variations.

Schlüsselwörter (Keywords)

The primary focus of this research is on urban expansion, land surface temperature, remote sensing, GIS, Landsat-5 TM imagery, NDVI, supervised classification, and the relationship between urban growth and heat island effects. The study utilizes empirical data and analysis to contribute to the understanding of urban environmental changes and their impact on the thermal environment.