Masterarbeit, 2016
94 Seiten, Note: A
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the study
1.2 Statement of the problem
1.3 Research Objectives
1.4 Research Hypotheses
1.5 Scope and Delimitation of the study
1.6 Significance of the study
1.7 Theoretical frame work
1.7.1 Theory of Planned Behavior
1.7.2 Eysenck’s Personality Theory
1.8 Conceptual Framework
1.9 Definition of Operational Terms
2.0 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Introversive personality subtype and involvement risky sexual behavior
2.3 Extroversive personality subtype and involvement in risky sexual behavior
2.4 Neurotic personality subtype and involvement in risky sexual behaviour
2.5 Psychoticism and involvement in risky sexual behaviour
2.6 Strategies of addressing risky sexual behaviour
3.0 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Research Design
3.3 Target Population
3.4 Sample size and sampling procedure
3.5 Descriptions of research instruments
3.5.1 Eysenck’s Personality Questionnaire for students (appendix I)
3.5.2 Risk Sexual Behaviour Questionnaire for students (appendix II)
3.6 Validity and reliability of Research Instruments
3.6.1 Validity of Questionnaires
3.6.2 Reliability of the Questionnaires
3.7 Description of data collection procedures
3.8 Description of data analysis procedures
3.8.1 Quantitative data analysis
3.9 Ethical Considerations
4.0 FINDINGS, INTERPRETATIONS AND DISCUSSIONS
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Questionnaires Return Rate
4.3 Respondents demographic characteristics
4.3.1 Student respondents’ sex
4.4 Introversive personality subtype and involvement in risky sexual behaviour
4.4.1 Introversive Personality Sub-Type
4.4.2 Introversive Personality Sub-Type and Risky Sexual Behaviour
4.4.3 Correlation: Introversion and Involvement in Risky Sexual Behaviour
4.5 Extroversive Personality Sub-Types and Involvement in Risky Sexual Behaviour
4.5.1 Classifying the Respondents as having Extroversive Personality Sub-type
4.5.2 Extroversive Personality Sub-Type and Risky sexual Behaviour
4.5.3 Correlation between Extroversive and Risky Sexual Behaviour
4.6 Neuroticism and Involvement in Risky Sexual Behaviour
4.6.1 Determining Neurotic Personality Sub-type
4.6.2 Neuroticism Personality Sub-Type and Risky sexual Behaviour
4.6.3 Correlation between Neuroticism and Risky sexual Behaviour
4.7 Psychoticism and Involvement in Risky Sexual Behaviour
4.7.1 Determining Psychoticism Personality Sub-type
4.7.2 Psychoticism and Risky Sexual Behaviour
4.7.3 Correlation between Psychoticism and Involvement in Risky sexual Behaviour
4.8 Personality Sub-types Distribution and Involvement in Risky Sexual Behaviour
4.9 Regression Analysis for Involvement in Risky Sexual Behaviour
5.0 SUMMARY OF THE STUDY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary of the study
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendations
5.4 Suggestion for further study
The research aims to investigate the relationship between four distinct personality subtypes—introversion, extroversion, neuroticism, and psychoticism—and the engagement in risky sexual behaviors among secondary school students in the Nyakach Sub-County of Kenya, with the goal of identifying potential behavioral predictors for strategic counseling.
1.1 Background to the study
Risky sexual behaviour is a common habit among young people, and its relation with personality has not been explored exhaustively, especially in Kenya. Centre for Disease control and Prevention (CDC) (2013) conducted a research on sexual risk behavior: HIV, STD and Teen Pregnancy Prevention and found that many young people engage in risky sexual behavior that can result in unintended health outcomes. For example, among USA high school students surveyed in 2013: 47% had ever had sexual intercourse, 34% had sexual intercourse during the previous three months and out of these 41% did not use a condom the last time they had sex. 15% had had sex with four or more people during their life. Only 22% of sexually experience students have ever been tested for HIV. Nearly 10,000 young people (age 13 – 24) were diagnosed with HIV infections in the United States in 2013. Nearly a half of the 20 million new STDs each year were among young people, between the ages of 15 to 24 in United States (CDC report, 2013).
Deresse and Debebe (2014) conducted a research in Ethiopia and reported that risky sexual behaviour increases the likelihood of adverse sexual and reproductive health Consequences such as unwanted pregnancy, unsafe abortion and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including HIV/AIDS. From survey conducted on 508 students for Boditi Secondary school and preparatory school, 95% of the students were found to be sexually active. About 20.5% of the students had committed sex with more than one sexual partner in their life times and in six months prior to survey. Concerning the frequency of condom use, 69% used condom with casual friends inconsistently or never.
Soboka and Gemedu (2015) conducted a research among Arba Minch University students, Ethiopia, and suggested that youth fertility regulation and pregnancy prevention are among the major health care challenges of the 21stcentury in developing and developed countries. Among 404 participants, 127 (31.4%) reported having at least one risky sexual behaviors in their lifetime. Risky sexual behaviour was high among the respondents who were engaged in non- health field of study, who were rural residents before joining the campus and who don’t discuss sexual issues with their parents. In addition, risky sexual behaviour was higher among the respondents who use drugs following the study of prevalence of risky sexual behavior among Arba Minch University students which was high at 31.4 %.
1.0 INTRODUCTION: This chapter introduces the study, its background, statement of the problem, research objectives, hypotheses, theoretical framework, and conceptual framework.
2.0 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE: This chapter reviews global, regional, and local literature regarding the relationship between personality subtypes and risky sexual behavior, highlighting the research gap.
3.0 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY: This section details the correlational research design, sampling procedures, data collection instruments, and the validity and reliability of the research.
4.0 FINDINGS, INTERPRETATIONS AND DISCUSSIONS: This chapter presents the quantitative analysis of collected data, examining the correlation between personality traits and risky sexual behavior patterns.
5.0 SUMMARY OF THE STUDY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS: This final chapter synthesizes the findings and proposes a personality-centered counseling approach to address risky sexual behavior among students.
Personality Subtypes, Risky Sexual Behaviour, Introversion, Extroversion, Neuroticism, Psychoticism, Secondary Schools, Nyakach, HIV/AIDS, Condom Use, Theory of Planned Behaviour, Eysenck, Counseling, Sexual Risk Scale, Adolescent Health.
The research focuses on establishing the relationship between different personality subtypes, based on Eysenck's personality model, and the frequency or nature of involvement in risky sexual behaviors among secondary school students.
The primary themes include introversion, extroversion, neuroticism, and psychoticism as independent variables, and their potential influence on sexual risk-taking, condom usage, and decision-making under peer pressure.
The primary objective is to determine how specific personality profiles correlate with risky sexual behaviors to provide a basis for targeted psychological interventions and school-based counseling.
The study utilized a correlational research design, employing multistage random sampling, quantitative data collection via Eysenck’s Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) and a specific Sexual Risk Scale, and inferential statistics, including Pearson correlation and multiple regressions.
The main body provides an extensive literature review on personality and sexual risk, a detailed methodological setup, and an in-depth analysis of the survey findings, including interpretations of personality distribution among the students.
Key terms include personality subtypes, risky sexual behavior, adolescent health, secondary school students, Nyakach, and Eysenck's personality theory.
Risky sexual behavior is defined as activities that potentially lead to contracting HIV, AIDS, or other sexually transmitted infections, including inconsistent condom use and multiple sexual partners.
The study concludes that individuals exhibiting strong extroversive characteristics are more likely to be swayed into risky sexual behaviors and are less cautious about taking precautions compared to introverts.
The researcher proposes a 'personality-centered counseling approach' where school counselors profile students by their dominant personality type to provide strategic, tailored guidance to mitigate individual risk factors.
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