Masterarbeit, 2016
108 Seiten, Note: 1
Medien / Kommunikation - Public Relations, Werbung, Marketing, Social Media
1 Introduction
1.1 Background Situation and Research Problem
1.2 Research Objectives and Research Questions
1.3 Scope and Limitations
1.4 Research Methodology and Justification
1.5 Structure of the Thesis
2 Theoretical Exploration of current Perceptions of Marketing
2.1 Perception and Knowledge in Research
2.1.1 Perception and Knowledge
2.1.2 Persuasion Knowledge Model
2.2 Public Criticism about Marketing
2.2.1 Scepticism towards Advertising
2.2.2 Manipulative Marketing Practices
2.2.3 Deceptive Pricing Policies
2.2.4 Consumption-Oriented Lifestyles
2.2.5 Scepticism towards Green Advertising
2.3 Marketers’ Responses to Public Scepticism
2.3.1 Academic Understanding of Marketing
2.3.2 Demarketing and Mindful Consumption
2.3.3 Reforming Pricing Strategies
2.3.4 Sustainable Marketing Practices
3 Empirical Research
3.1 Research Objectives
3.2 Research Methodology
3.2.1 Focus Group Composition
3.2.1.1 Sampling Technique
3.2.1.2 Recruiting of Participants
3.2.2 Data Collection
3.2.2.1 Interview Guideline
3.2.2.2 Focus Group Execution
4 Analysis and Interpretation of Collected Data
4.1 Data Analysis Method
4.2 Presentation and Interpretation of Findings
4.2.1 General attitudes towards Marketing
4.2.1.1 Advantages and positive perceptions
4.2.1.2 Resentments and negative perceptions
4.2.1.3 Functional versus social understanding of Marketing
4.2.2 Marketing as Manipulation
4.2.2.1 Dimensions of Manipulation
4.2.2.2 Objectives of Manipulation
4.2.2.3 Receptive target groups
4.2.3 Consumption-oriented life-styles
4.2.3.1 Meaning of Consumption
4.2.3.2 Marketing as driver of Consumption
4.2.3.3 Consequences of over-consumption
4.2.4 Pricing Policies
4.2.4.1 Social versus personal (un)fairness
4.2.4.2 Pricing strategies and objectives
4.2.5 Sustainability and Greenwashing
4.2.5.1 Purchasing motives
4.2.5.2 Marketing and Sustainability
4.2.5.3 Marketing and Greenwashing
5 Final Discussion
5.1 Summary
5.2 Limitations
5.3 Implications and Recommendations
5.4 Future Research
This master thesis investigates the discrepancy between the marketing discipline’s perceived added value and public criticism. The research explores how customers’ and professionals’ knowledge and experiences influence their attitudes and perceptions of marketing, specifically focusing on manipulative tactics, consumerism, and pricing.
2.1.2 Persuasion Knowledge Model
According to Friestad and Wright (1994) who conceptualized the Persuasion Knowledge Model (PKM), persuasion knowledge can be defined as customers’ knowledge of and expertise in marketing. They add that this knowledge includes the goals, strategies, and tactics of marketers, as well as production and consumption processes. This kind of knowledge can arise and grow through education, personal experiences, or socializing (Tan & Tan, 2007). Thus, persuasion knowledge may influence customers’ attitudes towards and their understanding of marketing. The model proposes that customers “persuasion coping knowledge enables them to recognize, analyze, interpret, evaluate, and remember persuasion attempts and to select and execute coping tactics believed to be effective and appropriate” (Friestad & Wright, 1994, p. 3).
In this context, customers’ perceptions of persuasion tactics used by agents (e.g. sales persons) to influence them are essential as these are the initial processes for encountering persuasive situations. The perceptions significantly shape customers’ responses towards persuasion attempts. By using their persuasion knowledge, customers decide whether to agree to or resist the persuasive situation (Friestad & Wright, 1994; Taylor & Nelson, 2012).
Persuasion knowledge serves as a significant knowledge domain in consumers' daily behaviour and prompts customers to be aware of situations where an external agent attempts to affect their decisions, attitudes, thoughts or emotions, (Friestad and Wright, 1999). With regard to the perception of marketing, persuasion knowledge reflects both customers’ knowledge about how marketers seek to persuade customers as well as how these strategies evoke and control psychological changes (Hibbert et al., 2007).
1 Introduction: Provides the background and research problem, defining the core research question regarding how knowledge about marketing influences customer perception.
2 Theoretical Exploration of current Perceptions of Marketing: Establishes the theoretical framework, specifically using the Persuasion Knowledge Model to explain how public criticism and various marketing practices shape consumer attitudes.
3 Empirical Research: Describes the methodology for the qualitative focus group research, including participant selection and the interview structure used to gather data.
4 Analysis and Interpretation of Collected Data: Details the systematic analysis of focus group data, categorizing findings on marketing perceptions, manipulation, consumerism, and sustainability.
5 Final Discussion: Synthesizes the theoretical and empirical findings to answer the research questions, offering implications for future marketing practice and research.
Marketing criticism, customer attitudes, positive marketing, persuasion knowledge, consumerism, sustainability, greenwashing, pricing policies, manipulation, market ethics, consumer behaviour, brand perception.
The thesis examines the attitudes of customers and marketing professionals toward marketing and explores how individual knowledge and experience influence these perceptions.
The core themes include public criticism of marketing, manipulative marketing techniques, pricing strategies, consumerism, and perceptions regarding sustainability and greenwashing.
The primary goal is to identify how, if at all, knowledge about marketing influences customers' perceptions of the discipline and what consequences this has for consumption behaviour.
The author uses a qualitative research approach, specifically conducting two focus groups to gather in-depth data, which are subsequently evaluated using Mayring’s qualitative content analysis.
The main sections cover theoretical perception models (PKM), public criticism (manipulation, deceptive pricing, lifestyle impacts), and marketer responses (academic perspectives, sustainable practices).
Key terms include marketing criticism, persuasion knowledge, consumer attitudes, greenwashing, and manipulative marketing practices.
Drawing on the Persuasion Knowledge Model (PKM), it is defined as a consumer's knowledge and expertise regarding the goals, strategies, and tactics used by marketers to influence them.
Greenwashing is identified as a significant point of consumer scepticism, where companies are perceived as using misleading environmental claims to gain profit rather than achieving genuine sustainability.
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