Minimum quality standards in global health. Impact and incentives

Inhaltsverzeichnis (Table of Contents)

• Introduction
• Global Health Organizations and Quality Standards
  • UNICEF
  • The Global Fund
  • World Health Organization
• Theoretical Models on Minimum Quality Standards
  • Competition in a Duopoly
  • Competition with more than two Firms
  • Market Entry and Innovation
  • Limitations of the Models and Implications for Global Health
• Incentives: Push and Pull Mechanisms
  • Advance Market Commitment
  • Priority Review Voucher
  • Health Impact Fund
  • R&D Tax Credits and Research Grants
  • Discussion
• Conclusion

Zielsetzung und Themenschwerpunkte (Objectives and Key Themes)

This thesis examines the impact of minimum quality standards (MQS) on pharmaceutical manufacturers and explores how global health organizations incentivize innovation and market entry in the context of limited resources and the need for affordable medicines in developing countries.

• The impact of MQS on market participants and their behaviour
• Incentivizing innovation and market entry of pharmaceutical manufacturers
• Tools and strategies used by global health organizations to address drawbacks of MQS
• Analysis of gametheoretical models and their application in the context of global health
• Comparative evaluation of various incentive mechanisms for suppliers

Zusammenfassung der Kapitel (Chapter Summaries)

The thesis begins by introducing the challenges of access to essential medicines in developing countries and the role of global health organizations in ensuring quality standards. Chapter 2 provides an overview of three prominent organizations: UNICEF, the Global Fund, and the World Health Organization, highlighting their approaches to quality assurance and procurement processes. Chapter 3 delves into theoretical models concerning MQS, examining competition dynamics, market entry, and innovation. The analysis compares and contrasts different models, emphasizing their findings and limitations. Chapter 4 explores various incentive mechanisms designed to encourage innovation and market entry for suppliers, including Advance Market Commitments, Priority Review Vouchers, Health Impact Funds, and R&D tax credits. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the effectiveness and potential drawbacks of these mechanisms.

Schlüsselwörter (Keywords)

The thesis focuses on minimum quality standards, global health organizations, pharmaceutical manufacturers, market competition, innovation, incentive mechanisms, gametheoretical models, and access to essential medicines in developing countries.