Which Impact does Small Arms Proliferation Have on South Sudan's National Security?

Table of Contents

CHAPTER ONE

IMPACT OF SMALL ARMS PROLIFERATION ON SOUTH SUDAN NATIONAL SECURITY

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Problem Statement

1.3 Purpose of the Study

1.4 Objective of the Study

1.5 Time Frame

1.6 Justification

1.7 Research Hypotheses

1.8 Definitions of Terms

1.9 Chapters Outline

1.10 Areas of Study

1.11 Chapter Summary

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Concept of SALWs Proliferation

2.3 Concept of Unknown Gunmen

2.4 Small Arms Proliferation in Eastern and Central Africa

2.5 Poor Recruitment

2.5.1 Tribal based Recruitment

2.5.2 Impractical Commissioning and Promotions

2.5.3 Poor Integration of Other Armed Groups (OAGs)

2.6 Armament and Militarization of Security Sector

2.6.1 Impact of Militarization

2.6.2 Lack of Arms Control

2.7 Poor Command and Control of Forces

2.7.1 Overlap of Duties in the Security Sector

2.7.2 Compromise in Duties within the Security Sector

2.7.3 Corrupt Deployment of Officers and Personnel

2.7.4 Failed Series Disarmament Exercise

2.7.5 Unascertained Parade of Forces

2.8 Corruption in the Security Sector

2.9 Continuous violations of Amnesty by the Other Armed Groups

2.10 The 2013 Intra SPLM War

2.10.1 Political Classes; Educated v. Uneducated in the SPLM

2.10.2 Assassinations

2.10.3 Induced Killings

2.11 Tribalism and Social Stratification

2.11.1 Tribalism

2.11.2 Social Stratification

2.12 Venomous Corruption in the Government

2.12.1 Breakdown of the Rule of Law

2.12.2 Loss of 4 Billions USD and the 75 Senior Government Officials involved

2.13 Influx of International Criminals and Mafia

2.14 Conclusion

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Research Design

3.3 Data Collection

3.4 Instrumentation

3.5 Informants (Sampling)

3.6 Data Analysis and Interpretation

3.7 Ethical Consideration

3.8 Conclusion

CHAPTER FOUR

CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF RESEARCH OBJECTIVES FINDINGS

4.1 Prologue

4.2 Upholding the Rule of Law

4.3 Compliance and Commitment to Treaties

4.4 SALWs Supply and Demand Dynamics

4.4.1 Supply Aspects of SALWs

4.4.2 Demand Aspects of SALWs

4.5 Hypotheses Testing

4.5.1Will to enforce the Rule of law

4.5.2 Bending the Rule of Law

4.6 Assessment of the Objectives

4.7 Conclusion

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Summary

5.3 Conclusion

5.4 Recommendations

5.4.1 Upholding the Rule of Law

5.4.2 Credible Disarmament, Demolition and Demobilization

5.4.3 Fair Recruitment and Regular Training in the Security Sector

5.4.4 Credible Screening and Downsizing the Security Sector

5.4.5 Augment of Command and Control (C2)

5.4.6 Proper Integration Process

5.4.7 Enactment of Anti-Discrimination and Sectarianism Law

5.4.8 Renaming Peace Commission to National, Peace Unity and Reconciliation

5.4.9 Establishment of National Strategic and Defense Board

5.4.10 Further Research

Objective and Research Focus

This study aims to investigate the impacts of the proliferation of Small Arms and Light Weapons (SALWs) on national security in South Sudan, specifically focusing on the emergence of "Unknown Gunmen." The research addresses the underlying causes of this phenomenon, examining how socio-political instability, corruption, and failures within the security sector contribute to violence.

• The role of the security sector in the emergence of Unknown Gunmen.
• Political and tribal drivers of conflict and arms proliferation.
• The impact of corruption, poor governance, and the breakdown of the rule of law.
• Analysis of the 2013 Intra-SPLM War as a catalyst for insecurity.
• Policy recommendations for disarmament, security sector reform, and reconciliation.

Excerpt from the Book

Summary of Chapters

CHAPTER ONE: Provides an introduction to the research, defining the scope and objectives regarding the impact of small arms proliferation on national security in South Sudan.

CHAPTER TWO: Offers an extensive literature review covering the history of the security sector, the impact of the 2013 war, and the socio-economic factors driving violence.

CHAPTER THREE: Outlines the research methodology, including the use of case studies, document analysis, and interviews with victims and convicts.

CHAPTER FOUR: Presents a critical analysis of the research findings, focusing on the rule of law, treaty compliance, and the dynamics of arms supply and demand.

CHAPTER FIVE: Synthesizes the research conclusions and provides specific recommendations for security sector reform, disarmament, and national reconciliation.

Keywords

South Sudan, Small Arms and Light Weapons, Unknown Gunmen, National Security, SPLM, Rule of Law, Corruption, Tribalism, Militarization, Conflict, Disarmament, Security Sector Reform, Political Violence, Human Rights, Peacebuilding.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the core focus of this research project?

The research investigates how the proliferation of Small Arms and Light Weapons (SALWs) has contributed to the rise of "Unknown Gunmen" in South Sudan and the resulting threat to national security.

What are the primary thematic areas covered?

Key themes include the impact of the 2013 war, the role of corruption in state institutions, the influence of tribalism, and the systemic failure of the security sector.

What is the main objective or research question?

The main objective is to identify the root causes of the "Unknown Gunmen" phenomenon, examine how the security sector inadvertently aids this trend, and propose pathways for effective control and prevention.

Which scientific methods are utilized?

The study employs qualitative research methods, specifically utilizing a case study approach and narrative analysis based on interviews with victims, convicts, and experts, alongside document analysis.

What topics are discussed in the main body of the work?

The main body explores the history of the SPLM, the militarization of the security sector, the integration of other armed groups, and the political/economic drivers behind the current violence.

Which keywords best characterize the work?

The work is best characterized by terms such as Small Arms Proliferation, Unknown Gunmen, South Sudan, Rule of Law, Corruption, and Security Sector Reform.

How does the author define "Unknown Gunmen"?

The author defines them as individuals who secretly target others for economic, political, or tribal motives, typically operating via "hit-and-run" tactics to remain unidentified by their victims.

What role does the 2013 Intra-SPLM War play in the argument?

The author argues that the 2013 war serves as a critical turning point that led to the uncontrolled influx of weapons and the fragmentation of security forces into tribal-aligned factions.

How is the concept of "Shareocracy" linked to the conflict?

The author uses "Shareocracy" to describe a specific political culture in South Sudan where government positions are distributed based on tribal representation rather than merit, which fosters corruption and political instability.