Biosorptive Potential of Vigna radiata Biomass for Removal of Copper (II) and Cadmium (II) from Aqueous Medium

Inhaltsverzeichnis (Table of Contents)

• CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
  • 1.1 Water pollution
  • 1.2 Heavy metal pollution
  • 1.3 Toxicity of heavy metals in waste water
    • 1.3.1 Nickel
    • 1.3.2 Lead
    • 1.3.3 Chromium
    • 1.3.4 Mercury
    • 1.3.5 Manganese
    • 13.6 Zinc
    • 13.7 Arsenic
  • 1.4 Emission of heavy metals
  • 1.5 Chemistry of heavy metal pollution
  • 1.6 Methods for removal of heavy metals
    • 1.6.1 Biosorption
    • 1.6.2 Chemical Precipitation
    • 1.6.3 Membrane Processing
    • 1.6.4 Adsorption
  • 1.7 Factors affecting rate of adsorption
    • 1.7.1 Amount of Adsorbent
    • 1.7.2 Effect of temperature
    • 1.7.3 Effect of pH
    • 1.7.4 Effect of Time
  • 1.8 Adsorption isotherm models
    • 1.8.1 Langmuir adsorption isotherm
    • 1.8.2 Freundlich isotherm model
    • 1.8.3 Tempkin Isotherm Model
    • 1.8.4 Dubinin-Radushkevich Model
  • 1.9 Kinetic modelling
    • 1.9.1 Pseudo first order model
    • 1.9.2 Pseudo second order model
    • 1.9.3 Elovich model
    • 1.9.4 Intra particle diffusion model
  • 1.10 Thermodynamic parameters of adsorption
  • 1.11 Removal of cadmium from aqueous medium (Adsorbate)
  • 1.12 Removal of copper from aqueous medium (Adsorbate)
  • 1.13 Vigna radiata as an adsorbent
    • 1.13.1 Applications of Vigna radiata
• RATIONALE
• OBJECTIVES
• CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
• CHAPTER 3: EXPERIMENTAL
  • 3.1 Analytical technique
    • 3.1.1 Atomic absorption spectrophotometer
    • 3.1.2 Instrumentation
    • 3.1.3 Working
    • 3.1.4 Types of atomic absorption spectrophotometer
      • 3.1.4.1 Single beam atomic absorption spectrophotometer
      • 3.1.4.2 Double beam atomic absorption spectrophotometer
  • 3.2 Experimental work
    • 3.2.1 Apparatus and chemicals
    • 3.2.2 Apparatus used
    • 3.2.3 Chemicals used
    • 3.2.4 Instrument/ Equipment used
  • 3.3 Methodology
    • 3.3.1 Sample collection
    • 3.3.2 Sample preparation
    • 3.3.3 Preparation of solutions
      • 3.3.3.1 Preparation of stock solution of copper
      • 3.3.3.2 Preparation of stock solution of cadmium
      • 3.3.3.3 Preparation of standard solutions of cadmium
      • 3.3.3.4 Preparation of standard solutions of copper
    • 3.3.4 Factors affecting the adsorption process
      • 3.3.4.1 Amount of dosage
      • 3.3.4.2 pH factor
      • 3.3.4.3 Contact time
      • 3.3.4.4 Temperature
    • 3.3.5 Adsorption isotherm models
    • 3.3.6 Vigna radiata regeneration
• CHAPTER 4: RESULTS
  • 4.1. FTIR analysis of adsorbent
  • 4.2 Factors affecting the adsorption process of copper
    • 4.2.1 Effect of adsorbent dose on adsorption of copper
    • 4.2.2 Time factor
    • 4.2.3 pH factor
    • 4.2.4 Temperature factor
  • 4.3 Adsorption isotherm
    • 4.3.1 Langmuir isotherm model
    • 4.3.2 Freundlich Isotherm
    • 4.3.3 Tempkin isotherm model

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the biosorptive potential of Vigna radiata?

Vigna radiata (mung bean) biomass has shown a maximum adsorption capacity of 2.426 mg/g for copper (II) and 6.82 mg/g for cadmium (II) in aqueous solutions.

What is the optimal pH for removing heavy metals with this biomass?

The study found that maximum adsorption occurs at pH 5 for copper and pH 7 for cadmium.

Which kinetic model does the biosorption process follow?

The biosorption process of Vigna radiata for removing heavy metals follows pseudo 2nd order kinetics.

Can the Vigna radiata biomass be reused?

Yes, the study included desorption using an HCl solution as an eluting agent, allowing the recycled adsorbent to be studied for its remaining potential.

What factors affect the rate of adsorption?

The primary factors investigated include the amount of adsorbent dosage, agitation/contact time, pH level, and the temperature of the medium.

Which isotherm models were used to analyze the data?

The research employed the Langmuir, Freundlich, Tempkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich (DR) models to understand the adsorption process.