Masterarbeit, 2021
61 Seiten
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
The primary research objective is to examine the existence and social acceptability of power imbalances among intimate partners in the Obio-Akpor Local Government Area, exploring how these dynamics intersect with socio-economic status, educational background, and cultural/religious influences.
1.1 Background to the Study
Not long ago, power imbalances is increasingly recognized in most relationships as some element that fuels inequalities and conflict among intimate partners, particularly those in heterosexual relationships. Hidden powers exist and structure many partners’ interactions despite their true and good intentions to each other Knudson-Martin (2013). Repeatedly, partners speak as if they are fully equal, unaware of the ways subtle gendered power affects their relationships, which has led to some partners hurt and frustrated, but they do not know why (Theiss & Solomon, 2007). In Africa, power imbalance is one of the challenges that have held women back in society combined with religious, cultural influences and the patriarchal nature of the African society Langen (2005).
In this day and age, it is believed scholars are currently looking beyond individual behaviours to specific factors and/or conditions that influence behaviour. These factors may include but are not limited to - social norms, patriarchy, and hegemonic masculinity (Connell, Messerschmidt, & society, 2005). The influence of these factors contributes to gender-based circumstances within intimate partners’ relationships of cis-heterosexual men and women as shown in various literatures (Theiss & Solomon, 2007). Gendered power imbalances, essentially, influence sexual interactions and decision making in which cases may increase a partner’s degree of vulnerability to gender-based violence (Wingood, DiClemente, & Jossey-Bass, 2002). These influences determine peoples’ views and perceptions of social issues through a cultural lens which had made it to be inappropriate for women to criticize and/or challenge their subjugation presented in their partner’s decision without labels (Mahoney, Knudson-Martin, & relationships, 2009). This is predominant, especially, in highly patriarchal societies like Africa where women often find it difficult to express themselves for fear of appearing rebellious (Pereira, Adomako, & Arnfred, 2010).
CHAPTER ONE: Provides the foundation for the study by defining the scope, problem statement, and objectives regarding power imbalances among intimate partners.
CHAPTER TWO: Reviews scholarly literature and theoretical frameworks, such as Radical Feminist Theory, to contextualize gendered power, intimacy, and hegemonic masculinity.
CHAPTER THREE: Outlines the survey research design, study area, sampling techniques, and instrumentation used for data collection in the Obio-Akpor Local Government Area.
CHAPTER FIVE: Synthesizes the research findings, concludes the study, and provides policy recommendations for achieving gender equality in relationships.
Power imbalances, Intimate partners, Gender inequality, Hegemonic masculinity, Patriarchy, Obio-Akpor, Decision-making, Socio-economic circumstances, Gender-based violence, Social norms, Heterosexual relationships, Radical feminist theory, Gender-responsive programming, Individual agency, Bodily autonomy.
The research focuses on analyzing the existence, nature, and social perception of power imbalances among heterosexual intimate partners in the Obio-Akpor Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria.
The central themes include decision-making authority, the impact of socio-economic status on relationship power, the role of cultural/religious traditions, and the correlation between unequal power relations and gender-based violence.
The primary aim is to determine to what extent unequal power relations exist, whether they are socially acceptable, and how these imbalances vary across different socio-economic and cultural backgrounds of the partners.
The study employed a survey research design, utilizing a closed-ended (APP) Attitude, Perception, and Practice questionnaire administered to 394 respondents across four purposively selected urban and pre-urban communities.
The main body covers a comprehensive literature review of feminist theories and gendered power, followed by a detailed methodology and an empirical discussion of the field data concerning how power is negotiated or contested in domestic settings.
Key terms include power imbalances, gender inequality, intimate partners, hegemonic masculinity, socio-economic factors, domestic decision-making, and social acceptability of gender norms.
The study defines them as cis-heterosexual persons involved in an intimate romantic relationship based on consent, whether married or unmarried, who have been living together for more than a year.
The findings indicated that while respondents generally disagree that education makes a female partner disrespectful, they largely agree that it is beneficial for women to be educated and employed before marriage to ensure better participation in decision-making.
The results highlight that power imbalances are significantly maintained by deeply rooted cultural norms and religious beliefs, which often dictate that the male partner should hold authority, thus limiting female agency.
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